Đề ngày 7/9/2019 

An increase in the production of consumer goods results in the damage to the natural environment.

Why is this case?

What can we do to solve this problem?

Write at least 250 words 

Sample answer

The rise of consumer goods manufacturing leads to detrimental impacts on the environment due to natural resource depletion, waste generation and carbon dioxide emission. Nevertheless, individuals and governments can take measures to improve the situation.

Clearly, there is a number of reasons why an increase of manufacturing activities can cause environmental degradation. First and foremost, the more people produce consumer goods, the more naturals resources are used during the manufacturing process. For example, more trees will be chopped down to produce paper; more river flows will be stopped for the construction of hydroelectric dams to satisfy the high demand for electricity; more forest land will be cleared to make space for factories and plants. Second, the development of manufacturing industry will lead to an increasingly high amount of waste generated from the making process, including water or solid or chemical waste. Last but not least, the demands of transporting will definitely on a rise as a result of manufacturers dispatching goods to warehouses or distributing to retail establishments. Consequently, this will cause more carbon dioxide emissions and bring about serious air pollution. 

However, individuals and governments can join hand to mitigate the problem. At the level of individuals, each person should attempt to reduce their unnecessary consumption and change their throw-away behaviour. To be more specific, impulse purchase should be limited and people should have broken items repaired rather than throwing them away and buying new ones for replacement. If demands for consumer goods reduce, the decline in supply will consequently take place, thereby slowing down the production of consumer merchandise. Turning to solutions from governments, national authorities should implement policies which force manufacturing factories to adopt waste treatment system and energy-saving equipment. Also, if any forest land is cleared for the construction of factories, there should be more trees grown in difference places as a replacement. In addition, governments can encourage businesses to use eco-friendly or fuel-saving vehicles for transportation.

In conclusion, the expansion of consumer goods production inevitably results in environmental degradation on account of three main reasons mentioned above. Nonetheless, there are actions which can be taken by people and governmental bodies and agencies to alleviate the negative impact.   

(305 words, band 9.0)

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