IELTS Reading: Chiến lược làm bài MULTIPLE CHOICE

Multiple Choice - trắc nghiệm chọn đáp án đúng trong số những đáp án cho sẵn là một dạng bài vô cùng quen thuộc trong bài thi IELTS Reading. Trong dạng bài này, thí sinh sẽ được yêu cầu lựa chọn 1 hoặc nhiều các đáp án đúng đối với mỗi câu hỏi mà đề bài đưa ra. Dạng bài này có thể xuất hiện trong cả 3 phần thi Reading.

Điểm đặc biệt của dạng bài này đó là bạn nhất thiết cần hiểu rõ toàn bộ nội dung văn bản nói gì mà chỉ cần tập trung vào phần câu hỏi đề cập đến. Vì thế, trong dạng bài này, kĩ năng scanning & skimming được đánh giá cực kì cao.

Format IELTS Reading Multiple Choice

Đối với dạng Multiple choice, thí sinh thường sẽ được yêu cầu lựa chọn đáp án chính xác để hoàn thành câu hoặc trả lời câu hỏi. Các bạn cần lưu ý số lượng đáp án cần thiết do đề bài có thể yêu cầu lựa chọn nhiều hơn 1 đáp án. 

Dạng chọn đáp án để hoàn thành câu 

Đây là dạng lựa chọn đáp án chính xác trong số các đáp án cho trước để hoàn thành câu. Thông thường, thí sinh cần lựa chọn một đáp án chính xác nhất trong số bốn đáp án được đưa ra. 

Dạng chọn đáp án để trả lời câu hỏi 

Đây là dạng lựa chọn đáp án chính xác trong số các đáp án cho trước để trả lời cho câu hỏi được đưa ra. Thí sinh có thể được yêu cầu lựa chọn một hoặc nhiều đáp án trong số các đáp án cho trước. 

Các bước làm bài Multiple Choice

Để làm bài Multiple Choice, thì chúng ta sẽ thực hiện qua 6 bước:

Bước 1: Xác định số lượng đáp án cần chọn

Bước 2: Tìm từ/cụm từ khóa trong câu hỏi

Bước 3: Đọc và xác định vị trí chứa thông tin trong bài đọc

Bước 4: Tìm từ/cụm từ khóa trong các lựa chọn

Bước 5: Đối chiếu thông tin trong bài đọc với các lựa chọn

Bước 6: Lựa chọn đáp án đúng

Cùng xem video với cô Minh Huyền để phân tích kỹ lưỡng hơn nhé:

Luyện tập và giải đáp:

Chú ý Phân tích

Gạch chân từ khóa trong câu hỏi và lựa chọn

Từ khóa (keywords) có 2 dạng: từ khóa có thể thay đổi (changeable keywords) và từ khoá bất biến (unchangeable keywords).

· Các từ khóa có thể biến đổi là những từ khóa có khả năng bị paraphrase, các (cụm) danh từ, động từ, tính từ …

· Các từ khóa bất biến là những từ khóa không bị biến đổi như các tên riêng, tên khoa học, con số, dữ liệu, ngày tháng …

Ví dụ: gạch chân các keywords trong các câu:

Question: Research completed in 1982 found that in the United States soil erosion …

A. reduced the productivity of farmland by 20 percent.

B. was almost as severe as in India and China.

C. was causing significant damage to 20 percent of farmland.

D. could be reduced by converting cultivated land to meadow or forest.

Tìm từ khóa trong bài đọc từ câu hỏi

“The United States, where the most careful measurements have been done, discovered in 1982 that about one-fifth of its farmland was losing topsoil at a rate likely to diminish the soil’s productivity. The country subsequently embarked upon a program to convert 11 per cent of its cropped land to meadow or forest. Topsoil in India and China is vanishing much faster than in America.”

Tìm từ khóa trong bài đọc từ lựa chọn

“The United States, where the most careful measurements have been done, discovered in 1982 that about one-fifth of its farmland was losing topsoil at a rate likely to diminish the soil’s productivity. The country subsequently embarked upon a program to convert 11 per cent of its cropped land to meadow or forest. Topsoil in India and China is vanishing much faster than in America.”

Chọn đáp án đúng

Dễ dàng loại đáp án không chứa thông tin và B và D.

Nhìn vào đáp án A và C, đều có 20% = one-fifth.

“diminish” = “reduce” trong đáp án A và “productivity” là từ khóa cho lựa chọn A. Nhưng đọc câu trả lời A một cách cẩn thận - nó thể hiện rằng năng suất sẽ giảm 20%. Đây là một tỷ lệ phần trăm về việc giảm năng suất, nhưng KHÔNG GIỚI THIỆU 20% đất nông nghiệp đã mất với tốc độ có thể làm giảm năng suất . Tỷ lệ này đề cập đến các biện pháp xử lý. Vì vậy, chúng ta nên xem xét một câu trả lời khác có chứa 20%, đó là C.

Ở đây, C bày tỏ rằng sự xói mòn đất (là một cách khác để thể hiện tình trạng mất đất mặt đất) đang gây thiệt hại đáng kể cho 20% đất nông nghiệp.

Do đó, câu trả lời đúng là C.

Skill practice: Indentifying keywords

Skill Practice 1. Đọc và xác định từ khóa trong câu hỏi và đoạn văn, sau đó trả lời câu hỏi. 

A super-hard metal has been made in the laboratory by melting together titanium and gold. The alloy is the hardest known metallic substance compatible with living tissues, say US physicists. The material is four times harder than pure titanium and has applications in making longer-lasting medical implants, they say. 

Q The hardest substance discovered in the laboratory is formed by combining titanium and gold after they are ........................................ . 

Skill Practice 2. Đọc và xác định từ khóa trong câu hỏi và đoạn văn, sau đó trả lời câu hỏi. 

Quakes are the ever present danger for those who live along the Apennine mountain range in Italy. Through the centuries thousands have died as a result of tremors equal to, or not much bigger than, the event that struck in the early hours of Wednesday. 

Q Which part of Italy is always under the threat of being affected by quakes? 

Check- up 1

Architecture in Britain

From the Middle Ages to the 20th century, what are the influences and movements that have shaped the changing face of British architecture?

Architecture is about evolution, not revolution. It used to be thought that once the Romans pulled out of Britain in the fifth century, their elegant villas, carefully-planned towns and engineering marvels like Hadrian's Wall simply fell into decay as British culture was plunged into the Dark Ages. It took the Norman Conquest of 1 066 to bring back the light, and the Gothic cathedral-builders of the Middle Ages played an important part in the revival of British culture. However, the truth is not as simple as that. Romano-British culture—and that included architecture along with language, religion, political organisation and the arts—survived long after the Roman withdrawal. And although the Anglo-Saxons had a sophisticated building style of their own, little survives to bear witness to their achievements as the vast majority of Anglo- Saxon buildings were made of wood.

Even so, the period between the Norman landing at Pevensey in 1066 and the day in 1485 when Richard III lost his horse and his head at Bosworth, ushering in the Tudors and the Early Modern period, marks a rare flowering of British buildings. And it is all the more remarkable because the underlying ethos of medieval architecture was "fitness for purpose". The great cathedrals and parish churches that lifted up their towers to heaven were not only acts of devotion in stone; they were also fiercely functional buildings. Castles served their particular purpose and their battlements and turrets were for use rather than ornament. The rambling manor houses of the later Middle Ages, however, were primarily homes, their owners achieving respect and maintaining status by their hospitality and good lordship rather than the grandeur of their buildings. In a sense, the buildings of the 16th century were also governed by fitness for purpose—only now, the purpose was very different. In domestic architecture, in particular, buildings were used to display status and wealth.

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

27. After Romans left Britain, ………………………

A. their achievements were neglected.

B. their cultural legacy endured.

C. there was an abrupt culture change.

D. their buildings were well protected.

28. Medieval architecture aspired all above to be ………………………

A. immense.

B. useful.

C. decorative.

D. durable.

Các mẹo làm bài Multiple Choice

Mẹo 1: Xác định loại câu hỏi mà bài thi đang hỏi bạn.

Có 2 loại câu hỏi trong bài trắc nghiệm này là:

• Câu hỏi về ý kiến: Hỏi ý kiến của người viết

• Câu hỏi về dữ liệu: Yêu cầu bạn trả lời thông tin dữ liệu đó có hay không

Dưới đây là ví dụ để bạn hiểu rõ tầm quan trọng của loại câu hỏi:

“Different people read for different reasons. For example, the attraction of reading detective fiction can be in the intellectual challenge of finding out who did it, in an autobiography we can eavesdrop on the conversations of the great and good or we can laugh at folly in the celebrity magazine. For many children it is a magic gateway to some other world. Sadly, that is one of the greatest mistakes they can make.”

Question: According to the author, the attraction of reading for young people is:

a. They find out about other countries

b. Different from other generations

c. Escaping into another world

d. Foolish

Nếu thiếu cụm từ được bôi đậm ở trên, đáp án sẽ là C. Tuy nhiên, nếu đọc câu bôi đậm thì đáp án cho câu hỏi này sẽ là D – foolish vì câu hỏi đang muốn hỏi về ý kiến cá nhân của tác giả bài viết.

Mẹo 2: Đọc kĩ và không dừng đọc quá sớm. Bạn sẽ thấy một câu trả lời có thể là đúng nhưng thực tế lại là sai bởi vì câu phía sau lại dùng một số từ như “but” hay “however”.

Phân tích ví dụ:

“Evenings are important for winding down before sleep; however, dietician Geraldine Georgeou warns that an after-five carbohydrate-fast is more cultural myth than chronobiological demand. This will deprive your body of vital energy needs.”

Question: In the evening, we should ____

A. stay away from carbohydrates

B. stop exercising

C. eat as much as possible

D. eat a light meal

Phân tích:

Đọc câu đầu tiên ta thấy rằng buổi tối là thời gian quan trọng cho việc thư giãn trước khi đi ngủ. Khi đọc xong câu này thí sinh có thể dễ dàng chọn đáp án B. Tuy nhiên, ta phải đọc hết cả đoạn vì thông tin chính xác nằm ở phía sau. however, dietician Geraldine Georgeou warns that an after-five carbohydrate-fast is more cultural myth than chronobiological demand. à đáp án D

Mẹo 3: Nghi ngờ những đáp án mà có nhiều từ vựng lặp lại trong bài đọc

Xét ví dụ sau:

“ These conclusions are the result of extensive research carried out over the past 20 years around various countries into the effect of banning tobacco advertising. In Scotland it was found that the incidence of smoking fell by 30% in the 18-24 age group after legislation prohibiting the advertising of tobacco products in all print media was introduced. A separate piece of research in the United States of America found that when tobacco advertising was banned in 34 states, this reduced the level of smoking by 50%.”

Q: What were the findings of the research in Scotland?

A. Anti-smoking legislation was more effective in the USA

B. Advertising of tobacco products had less effect on old than on young people

C. The legislation was unpopular with the print media

D. Almost a third of young people stopped smoking after the legislation

Nghi ngờ những đáp án mà có nhiều từ vựng lặp lại trong bài đọc

Các từ vựng lặp lại như USA, tobacco advertising, legislation, print media nằm ở các đáp án sai A, B, C,  tuy nhiên đáp án đúng là D, các từ vựng trong đáp án D đều là paraphrase hoặc synonym của các từ trong đoạn text. Ví dụ: 30% = almost a third; 18-24 age group =  young people

Check- up 2

Bovid

A bovid is any member of almost 140 species of ungulates belonging to the family Bovidae. The bovids are the largest family of hoofed mammals and are native to Africa, Europe, Asia, and North America. Members include antelope, bison, buffalo, cattle, sheep and goats. Bovids have mutually beneficial symbiotic relationships with bacteria and other microorganisms that allow the digestion of cellulose, the most abundant form of living terrestrial biomass, but one that is indigestible for many animals, including humans.

Bovids are not so common in endemic insular faunas and are mainly recorded in Southeast Asia, Japan and some Mediterranean islands. Ely the late Miocene, the bovids rapidly diversified, leading to the creation of 70 new genera. This late Miocene radiation was partly because most bovids became adapted to more open, grassland habitats. Some species of bovid are solitary, but others live in large groups with complex social structures.

Question 1. Bovids mostly inhabit _______

A. Africa.

B. Eurasia.

C. Southeast Asia.

D. South America.

Question 2. What are the most favorable locations for the existence of bovids?

A. tropical forests

B. wetlands

C. mountains

D. open grassy areas

Luyện tập có đáp án

Exercise 1

The contribution of language to business

[…] When it comes to negotiation, the interpreters and translators are needed. Interpreters and translators aid communication by converting messages or text from one language into another language. Although some people do both, interpreting and translating are different professions: interpreters work with spoken communication, and translators work with written communication. The selection of interpreters and translators is critical. Both the loyalty and accuracy of the interpreters and translators must be put at the top of agenda. Thus, loyalty to the speaker and the original appears to be a hallmark of professionals more so than of amateurs.

Who can judge the performance of the interpreters? A person with language proficiency is needed in the negotiating team to check on the interpreters, guaranteeing the quality and accuracy of the interpretation. Listeners are presumably listening only to the output and as such not aware of the structure of the source speech. Only an experienced expert will understand the constraints of any given situation and be in a position to judge. Only she (or he) can assess just how the speed, density and complexity of the speech will affect interpretation in any particular language combination. And even this task is not easy: interpreters are trained to listen and speak at the same time, not to listen to two different audio streams. Therefore, the check-on is best accomplished by those trained to teach or with enough experience to have mastered this skill.

Businesses may ask help from local consultants who are responsible for hiring local workers or train company managers to deal with local consumers. That was the case with CommScope, a multibillion dollar telecom equipment manufacturer with customers, employees, and partners in 18 countries across the world. In the wake of these transactions, the company began offering Jacqueline K. Crofton, a local resident, language training to key employees and executives. The goal of the training was not to make employees fluent in the new language, as much as to give them a degree of functional proficiency. “In order to advance well in new markets and with new customers, we had to be able to at least understand and communicate at a basic level, even with the use of interpreters,” says David Hartsoe, manager of CommScope’s Global Learning Center. In the long run, effective communication will definitely help their employees stay positive and productive.

Questions 1 - 3

Choose the correct letter; A, B, C or D.

Write your answers in boxes 24-26 on your answer sheet.

1. One of the most important qualities of the interpreter is

A. common sense.

B. industry knowledge and contacts.

C. appropriate reaction.

D. trustworthiness.

2. A qualified interpreter is essential to the business for

A. ensuring cultural appropriateness.

B. accuracy of information.

C. success in trading.

D. financial reasons.

3. In the writer’s opinion, hiring an indigenous person to improve the dialect language proficiency of the company staff is

A. unethical.

B. unlikely.

C. sensible.

D. expensive.

Exercise 2. 

General Nutritional Information 

Good Nutrition – The choice is yours 

Making wise food choices early in life will help prevent health problems that can affect you later. It is reported that 8 of the 10 leading causes of death in America are directly related to what we eat and drink. Your eating habits, along with a smart exercise programme, are crucial elements on the path to a healthier body and self. 

Fighting the Freshman 15 

The Freshman 15 refers to the 15 pounds freshmen commonly gain in their first year. University students often experience substantial weight gain in their first year. Experts recommend limiting your fat intake to 30% of the total calories you consume per day. 

For a moderately active woman, you should consume approximately 2,000 calories and 65 grammes of fat each day. For a moderately active man, you should consume approximately 2,500 calories and 80 grammes of fat. If you want to lose weight, the equation is simple, eat less and exercise more. If you reduce your caloric intake by 500 calories per day, you will lose 1 pound per week. Alternatively, if you consume the same amount of calories, but increase your activity level to burn an additional 500 calories per day, you will also lose 1 pound per week. The easiest way to decrease the number of calories your body stores as fat is to not consume those calories in the first place, especially since it is much more difficult to burn calories once they are consumed. For weight loss, it is recommended that you do not decrease your calorie and fat intake to any less than 1,200 calories and 40 grammes of fat. Starvation, diets, or losing weight too fast can be dangerous. 

Fitness can be Fun! 

A consistent pattern of daily physical activity and exercise is one of the healthiest habits you can get into. Studies have shown that physical activity tends to decrease with age, so now is the time to start. Walking to classes, taking stairs instead of elevators, and becoming involved in sports and other physical activities are just a few of the many ways to develop a more active lifestyle. 

The time you spend on physical activity each day will also give your mind a much-needed break from its academic workout. 

And besides, exercise makes you feel wonderful, provided that you do not overdo it. So start slow, set goals for yourself, and GET MOVING! 

Vegetarianism – A Growing Trend 

Vegetarianism is becoming increasingly popular among college students. It is estimated that 15% of the current college-age population in America is vegetarian. There are several different types of vegetarian diets, and each is chosen for a variety of reasons. Some people consider themselves vegetarian simply because they do not eat red meat. As far as nutritional recommendations for vegetarian diets are concerned, protein, iron, and calcium can become an issue for those who do not consume animal products. 

Guidelines for vegetarian diets include: 

• Choose whole grains instead of refined 
• Have a variety of legumes, fruits, and vegetables. Choose green leafy vegetables and good sources of vitamin C 
• Select non-/low-fat dairy products 
• Minimise fats, oils, and refined sugars 

Eating Disorders 

A healthy outlook about your body and appearance and how it relates to food and physical activity is very important for young adults. Self-destructive behaviours, which lead to eating disorders, such as eating a diet with too little fat or calories or embarking on a severe regime of physical activity, can have very harmful consequences to the health of your body and mind. Keep your mind and body in shape by treating them both with respect. A healthy self-image and realistic perception of yourself is one of the healthiest feats you can achieve. 

Questions 1-6 

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D. 

1. First-year students often 

A. gain weight. 

B. die because of food. 

C. have health problems. 

D. exercise a lot. 

2. Vegetarianism is growing in popularity 

A. because it is economical. 

B. because red meat is bad for you. 

C. because it is healthier. 

D. No information is given. 

3. One method not mentioned to lose weight is 

A. exercise more. 

B. don’t eat too much. 

C. surgery. 

D. vegetarianism. 

4. An eating disorder can be something as simple as 

A. eating too little fat. 

B. exercising too aggressively. 

C. taking in few calories. 

D. All of the above 

5. How many grammes of fat per day should a normally active man eat? 

A. 500 

B. 80 

C. 2,500 

D. 65 

6. What type of dairy products should vegetarians choose? 

A. Low-fat 

B. Fresh 

C. Refined 

D. Whole 

Exercise 3. 

The pyramids are the most famous monuments of ancient Egypt and still hold enormous interest for people in the present day. These grand, impressive tributes to the memory of the Egyptian kings have become linked with the country even though other cultures, such as the Chinese and Mayan, also built pyramids. The evolution of the pyramid form has been written and argued about for centuries. However, there is no question that, as far as Egypt is concerned, it began with one monument to one king designed by one brilliant architect: the Step Pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara. 

Djoser was the first king of the Third Dynasty of Egypt and the first to build in stone. Prior to Djoser’s reign, tombs were rectangular monuments made of dried clay brick, which covered underground passages where the deceased person was buried. For reasons which remain unclear, Djoser’s main official, whose name was Imhotep, conceived of building a taller, more impressive tomb for his king by stacking stone slabs on top of one another, progressively making them smaller, to form the shape now known as the Step Pyramid. Djoser is thought to have reigned for 19 years, but some historians and scholars attribute a much longer time for his rule, owing to the number and size of the monuments he built. 

The Step Pyramid has been thoroughly examined and investigated over the last century, and it is now known that the building process went through many different stages. Historian Marc Van de Mieroop comments on this, writing ‘Much experimentation was involved, which is especially clear in the construction of the pyramid in the center of the complex. It had several plans ... before it became the first Step Pyramid in history, piling six levels on top of one another ... The weight of the enormous mass was a challenge for the builders, who placed the stones at an inward incline in order to prevent the monument breaking up.’ 

The burial chamber of the tomb, where the king’s body was laid to rest, was dug beneath the base of the pyramid, surrounded by a vast maze of long tunnels that had rooms off them to discourage robbers. One of the most mysterious discoveries found inside the pyramid was a large number of stone vessels. Over 40,000 of these vessels, of various forms and shapes, were discovered in storerooms off the pyramid’s underground passages. They are inscribed with the names of rulers from the First and Second Dynasties of Egypt and made from different kinds of stone. 

There is no agreement among scholars and archaeologists on why the vessels were placed in the tomb of Djoser or what they were supposed to represent. The archaeologist Jean-Philippe Lauer, who excavated most of the pyramid and complex, believes they were originally stored and then given a ‘proper burial’ by Djoser in his pyramid to honor his predecessors. There are other historians, however, who claim the vessels were dumped into the shafts as yet another attempt to prevent grave robbers from getting to the king’s burial chamber. 

Unfortunately, all of the precautions and intricate design of the underground network did not prevent ancient robbers from finding a way in. Djoser’s grave goods, and even his body, were stolen at some point in the past and all archaeologists found were a small number of his valuables overlooked by the thieves. There was enough left throughout the pyramid and its complex, however, to astonish and amaze the archaeologists who excavated it. 

Questions 1-2 

Choose TWO letters, A-E. 

Which TWO of the following points does the writer make about King Djoser? 

A. Initially he had to be persuaded to build in stone rather than clay. 

B. There is disagreement concerning the length of his reign. 

C. He failed to appreciate Imhotep’s part in the design of the step Pyramid. 

D. A few of his possessions were still in his tomb when archaeologists found it. 

E. He criticised the design and construction of other pyramids in Egypt. 

Exercise 4. 

Hans Naarding, whose study of animals had taken him around the world, was conducting a survey of a species of endangered migratory bird. What he saw that night is now regarded as the most credible sighting recorded of thylacine that many believe has been extinct for more than 70 years. 

“I had to work at night,” Naarding takes up the story. “I was in the habit of intermittently shining a spotlight around. The beam fell on an animal in front of the vehicle, less than 10m away. Instead of risking movement by grabbing for a camera, I decided to register very carefully what I was seeing. The animal was about the size of a small shepherd dog, a very healthy male in prime condition. What set it apart from a dog, though, was a slightly sloping hindquarter, with a fairly thick tail being a straight continuation of the backline of the animal. It had 12 distinct stripes on its back, continuing onto its butt. I knew perfectly well what I was seeing. As soon as I reached for the camera, it disappeared into the tea-tree undergrowth and scrub.” 

The director of Tasmania’s National Parks at the time, Peter Morrow, decided in his wisdom to keep Naarding’s sighting of the thylacine secret for two years. When the news finally broke, it was accompanied by pandemonium. “I was besieged by television crews, including four to five from Japan, and others from the United Kingdom, Germany, New Zealand and South America,” said Naarding. 

Government and private search parties combed the region, but no further sightings were made. The tiger, as always, had escaped to its lair, a place many insist exists only in our imagination. But since then, the thylacine has staged something of a comeback, becoming part of Australian mythology. 

There have been more than 4,000 claimed sightings of the beast since it supposedly died out, and the average claims each year reported to authorities now number 150. Associate professor of zoology at the University of Tasmania, Randolph Rose, has said he dreams of seeing a thylacine. But Rose, who in his 35 years in Tasmanian academia has fielded countless reports of thylacine sightings, is now convinced that his dream will go unfulfilled. 

“The consensus among conservationists is that, usually, any animal with a population base of less than 1,000 is headed for extinction within 60 years,” says Rose. “Sixty years ago, there was only one thylacine that we know of, and that was in Hobart Zoo,” he says. 

Dr. David Pemberton, curator of zoology at the Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, whose PhD thesis was on the thylacine, says that despite scientific thinking that 500 animals are required to sustain a population, the Florida panther is down to a dozen or so animals and, while it does have some inbreeding problems, is still ticking along. “I’ll take a punt and say that, if we manage to find a thylacine in the scrub, it means that there are 50-plus animals out there.” 

After all, animals can be notoriously elusive. The strange fish known as the coelacanth, with its “proto-legs”, was thought to have died out along with the dinosaurs 700 million years ago until a specimen was dragged to the surface in a shark net off the south-east coast of South Africa in 1938. 

Wildlife biologist Nick Mooney has the unenviable task of investigating all “sightings” of the tiger totalling 4,000 since the mid-1930s, and averaging about 150 a year. It was Mooney who was first consulted late last month about the authenticity of digital photographic images purportedly taken by a German tourist while on a recent bushwalk in the state. On face value, Mooney says, the account of the sighting, and the two photographs submitted as proof, amount to one of the most convincing cases for the species’ survival he has seen. 

And Mooney has seen it all – the mistakes, the hoaxes, the illusions and the plausible accounts of: sightings. Hoaxers aside, most people who report sightings end up believing they have seen a thylacine, and are themselves believable to the point they could pass a lie-detector test, according to Mooney. Others, having tabled a creditable report, then become utterly obsessed like the Tasmanian who has registered 99 thylacine sightings to date. Mooney has seen individuals bankrupted by the obsession, and families destroyed. “It is a blind optimism that something is, rather than a cynicism that something isn’t,” Mooney says. “If something crosses the road, it’s not a case of ‘I wonder what that was?’ Rather, it is a case of ‘that’s a thylacine!’ It is a bit like a gold prospector’s blind faith, ‘it has got to be there’.” 

However, Mooney treats all reports on face value. “l never try to embarrass people, or make fools of them. But the fact that I don’t pack the car immediately they ring can often be taken as ridicule. Obsessive characters get irate that someone in my position is not out there when they think the thylacine is there.” 

But Hans Naarding, whose sighting of a striped animal two decades ago was the highlight of “a life of animal spotting”, remains bemused by the time and money people waste on tiger searches. He says resources would be better applied to saving the Tasmanian devil, and helping migratory bird populations that are declining as a result of shrinking wetlands across Australia. 

Could the thylacine still be out there? “Sure,” Naarding says. But he also says any discovery of surviving thylacines would be “rather pointless”. “How do you save a species from extinction? What could you do with it? If there are thylacines out there, they are better off right where they are.” 

Questions 1-3 

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D. 

1. Hans Naarding’s sighting has resulted in 

A. government and organizations’ cooperative efforts to protect thylacine. 

B. extensive interests to find a living thylacine. 

C. increase of the number of reports of thylacine worldwide. 

D. growth of popularity of thylacine in literature. 

2. The example of coelacanth is to illustrate 

A. it lived in the same period with dinosaurs. 

B. how dinosaurs evolved legs. 

C. some animals are difficult to catch in the wild. 

D. extinction of certain species can be mistaken. 

3. Mooney believes that all sighting reports should be 

A. given some credit as they claim even if they are untrue. 

B. acted upon immediately. 

C. viewed as equally untrustworthy. 

D. questioned and carefully investigated. 

GLOSSARY 

ĐÁP ÁN

Skill Practice

SP 1. 

 SP 2. 

Check-up 1: 

27. Đáp án: B

Thông tin cho câu hỏi này nằm ở đoạn văn thứ nhất (không tính đoạn mở đầu in nghiêng) của bài đọc. Tác giả đã giải thích xã hội từng lầm tưởng rằng khi người Roman rời khỏi Anh thì những giá trị nghệ thuật và văn hoá của họ cũng sẽ biến mất. Trên thực tế, nền văn hoá Roman – Anh vẫn luôn tồn tại và sống sót suốt thời gian đó (Romano-British culture—and that included architecture along with language, religion, political organisation and the arts—survived long after the Roman withdrawal). Như vậy chúng ta có thể hiểu rằng những giá trị kế thừa về nghệ thuật – văn hoá này đã phải trải qua những khó khăn để phát triển trong thời gian đó.

28. Đáp án: B

Thông tin cho câu hỏi này nằm ở câu văn giữa đoạn văn thứ 2 của bài. Chúng ta biết được rằng kiến trúc thời trung cổ có tính hữu dụng cao qua câu văn “The great cathedrals and parish churches that lifted up their towers to heaven were not only acts of devotion in stone; they were also fiercely functional buildings”.

Check-up 2:

Question 1. Đáp án: C

Thông tin cho câu hỏi này nằm ở câu đầu tiên của đoạn văn thứ 2 “Bovids are not so common in endemic insular faunas and are mainly recorded in Southeast Asia, ...”

Question 2. Đáp án: D

Thông tin cho câu hỏi này nằm ở câu chót cuối đoạn văn thứ 2 “This late Miocene radiation was partly because most bovids became adapted to more open, grassland habitats”.

PRACTICE

Exercise 1:

1. Đáp án: D

Thông tin cho câu hỏi nằm ở hai câu cuối đoạn văn thứ 5 của bài “Both the loyalty and accuracy of the interpreters and translators must be put at the top of agenda. Thus, loyalty to the speaker and the original appears to be a hallmark of professionals more so than of amateurs”.

2. Đáp án: B

Thông tin cho câu hỏi nằm ở câu văn thứ 2 của đoạn văn 6 “A person with language proficiency is needed in the negotiating team to check on the interpreters, guaranteeing the quality and accuracy of the interpretation”.

3. Đáp án: C

Thông tin cho câu hỏi nằm ở câu cuối cùng của cả bài đọc. Tác giả khẳng định rằng việc thuê người địa phương để huấn luyện ngôn ngữ cho các nhân viên doanh nghiệp sẽ giúp họ lạc quan và làm việc năng suất hơn “In the long run, effective communication will definitely help their employees stay positive and productive”.

Exercise 2 

Exercise 3. 

Exercise 4. 

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